International Trade Explainer: Trade terms and concepts – A tralac guide

International trade has its own terminology. The following is a list of general trade terms as used in international trade agreements concluded by states and as applied in the legal instruments of international organisations dealing with trade between nations.
This list does not include terms used in private contracts concluded by importers, exporters, service providers and investors.
A thematic approach has been followed in preparing this list, which was updated in December 2022.
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International Trade Agreements
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Trade in Goods
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Trade in Services
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Regional Integration and Preferential Trade Arrangements
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African Trade Arrangements
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African economic integration and development initiatives
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Terminology from other International Arrangements
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International commercial and related terms
Readers are encouraged to quote and reproduce this material for educational, non-profit purposes, provided the source is acknowledged.
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