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The trade agreements concluded by African countries stand out in many respects in terms of addressing gender issues. Specific provisions on gender have been integrated in African t...

Regional integration makes sense in and for Africa. Most African nations are developing countries with small domestic markets. Many are land locked. Growth through economic integra...

The Member States of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) agreed to liberalise trade in the service sectors in efforts to enhance regional integration and the creation...

The aim of the International Trade Administration Commission of South Africa (ITAC), as mandated by the International Trade Administration Act, 2002 (the ITA Act), is to foster eco...

Regional Economic Communities (RECs) are major building blocks in the realisation of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) according to the Governing Principles of the A...

The ongoing negotiations of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Investment Protocol present a unique opportunity to make intra-African investment work for women by des...

The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Agreement contains detailed provisions on trade remedies and safeguards, modelled on World Trade Organisation (WTO) principles. Sin...

It is a long-held view of developing countries in the World Trade Organisation (WTO) that some restrict-ions imposed by WTO trade rules and trade related agreements tend to hinder ...

The legal instruments of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) provide for a detailed regime to implement Trade Remedy and Safeguard measures. One gets the impression th...

Geographical indications (GIs) are used to identify a good as originating in the territory of a specific country, or a region or locality in that country, where a given quality, re...

One of the first accomplishments of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) negotiations was the adoption of the Protocol on Rules and Procedures on the Settlement of Disp...

Agreements to establish so-called new generation Free Trade Areas (FTAs) have become frequent. They are “new” because they liberalise not only trade in goods but also services,...

Industrialisation and the emergence of new technologies, such as the Internet, have improved value chain efficiency but also increased the complexity of production linkages. Within...

Industrialisation and the emergence of new technologies, such as the Internet, have improved value chain efficiency but also increased the complexity of production linkages. Within...

Since the early stage of trade integration within the African continent, women's interests have been on the agenda, at least that is what the agreements reveal. Indeed, including s...

The seventh edition of the ‘Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System’ of the World Customs Organisation (WCO) becomes operational on 1 January 2022. Since its incepti...

This paper investigates movements in services trade restrictions and their impacts on services trade over an eight-year period (2008-2016). It utilises the latest, most globally in...

The negotiations for the adoption of the Phase II Protocols of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) have started. They will cover investment, intellectual property righ...

Trade remedies and safeguards are key exceptions to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) principles of non-discrimination and transparency through binding commitments on tariffs and ...

State Parties’ trade-related rights and obligations are derived from international agreements. Governments’ implementation of trade agreements involves domestic measures taken ...